The Contents of Penn

by: James I. Wimsatt (Editor)

from: Chaucer and the Poems of “Ch” (Revised Edition)  2009

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CONTENTS OF THE MANUSCRIPT

For the student of literature University of Pennsylvania MS French 15 is by far the most interesting extant anthology of fourteenth-century French lyrics. There exist from the time a number of important collections of the works of a single author: the Machaut manuscripts, the great Deschamps collection in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 840, and the two Froissart manuscripts, Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MSS fr. 830 and 831. There are also major chansonniers which assemble the words and music of a variety of fine lyrics, such as the Codex Reïna (Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS naf. 6771) and the collection that belongs to the Musée Condé; in these, however, the interest of the words is unavoidably secondary to that of the music. No manuscript collection of poetic texts by various authors has come down to us which rivals Penn in importance.¹ The quality of the selection is high, the range of the subjects and forms is wide, and the arrangement of the works reflects the thought and planning of a sensitive reader of literature, perhaps Oton de Granson or another friend of Chaucer. The contents of Penn provide a unique source of information about educated literary tastes and predilections in the fourteenth century, and they hold particular additional interest for Chaucerians.

Other than Giulio Bertoni’s defective inventory of Penn² there has been no published list of its contents. Charles Mudge’s dissertation corrected Bertoni’s errors,³ but it has not been published. The list which follows here is indebted to Mudge’s “List of Incipits” for the check it provided on the numbering of the poems, on the transcription of the incipits, and on the record of manuscripts and editions. I have corrected and substantially supplemented Mudge’s information on these items, and have presented in addition an analysis of the versification of each work as well as individual notes on many of the lyrics which cover matters such as the relationships of the poems to each other, the existence of musical notations for the pieces, points of special interest about the poems, and Chaucerian connections. Except in remarking musical notation that exists for certain of the poems, these notes are not systematic; they are instead meant to be suggestive.

Among numerous indications of the anthologist’s care in arranging the contents of Penn are the customary alternation of forms, the maintenance of natural groups of works (for instance, double and triple balades), the frequent matching of poems in which men are the speakers with poems in which women speak, the varying of topics and the treatments of them, and the groupings of the works of Machaut and Granson. In Penn the metrics generally conform to the formes fixes practice of the century. A word perhaps is needed about the entries for the rondeaux and virelays. Both forms begin (and end) with their refrains, so the incipit of each poem is the first line of the refrain. This I have entered as the “incipit,” and for the “refrain” I have used the second line of the refrain, adding “etc.” if the refrain goes beyond two lines. With the virelays I have indicated the rhyme schemes up to the point that repetition begins.

Following are the salient physical features of Penn: It is of well-preserved parchment, its hundred folios measuring 30 by 24.2 centimeters. The poems are written in an attractive Gothic script throughout, probably by more than one scribe. The first folio begins with the rubric:

Ci sensuient plusieurs bonnes
pastourelles complaintes lays
et Ballades et autres choses

[Here follow a number
of good pastourelles, complaints, lays,
and balades and other things.]

Mudge describes the concluding folios as follows: “Lyric 310 ends on fol. 92d. On fol. 93a are five verses of a Petrarchan sonnet in a fifteenth-century Italian hand. Folios 93b to 95d are ruled, but blank. On fol. 96a is the beginning of an alphabetical index of incipits in a fifteenth-century Italian hand. The heading reads: “Rubricha infrascripta est per alphabetum.”⁴ Folios 96b to 100b are ruled, but blank. At the top of fol. l00c, in a third and different fifteenth-century Italian hand, are two verses of an Italian poem.

KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS FOR MANUSCRIPTS
(Inc: Incipit, Refr: Refrain, Auth: Author, MSS: Manuscripts, Metr: Meter, Ed: Editions)

The following list includes all manuscripts which contain more than one poem also found in University of Pennsylvania MS French 15.

 

1. Machaut Manuscripts: manuscripts wholly or primarily made up of works by Guillaume de Machaut
A B C D E F G H J K M Pep     PM Vg	Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 1584 — 102 texts in Penn (contains musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 1585 — 90 texts (musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 1586 — 61 texts (musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 1587 — 46 texts (words only) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 9221 — 99 texts (musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 22545 — 17 texts (musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 22546 — 94 texts (musical settings) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 881 — 16 texts (words only) Paris, Bibliothèque de l’Arsenal, 5203 — 20 texts (words only) Bern, Burgerbibliothek, 218 — 8 texts (words only) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 843 — 94 texts (words only) Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepysian Library 1594 — 3 texts (musical settings) New York, Pierpont Morgan Library, M.396 — 18 texts (musical settings) New York, Gallery Wildenstein — 90 texts (formerly Vogüe manuscript; musical settings)
2. Granson Manuscripts (Granson composed no music)
GrA GrB GrC	Neuchâtel, Bibliothèque Arthur Piaget, VIII — 27 texts Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 2201 — 13 texts Barcelona, Biblioteca Catalunya 8 — 8 texts
3. Other Manuscripts
Cam Ch DeA DeB Fl Mo PI Pg PR Str Tr Ut Vit We Z	Cambrai, Bibliothèque Communale 1328 — 3 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Chantilly, Musée Condeé 1047 — 5 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS naf. 840 — 1 text (the major Deschamps collection) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS naf. 6221 — 15 texts (words only; works mainly of      Deschamps, but some anonymous and some by Machaut) Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale, Panciatichi 26 — 2 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Modena, Biblioteca Estense, 5.24 — 2 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS ital. 568 — 2 texts Prague, Biblioteca Universalis, XI.E9 — 2 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS naf. 6771 — 6 texts (repertory manuscript with music;      Codex Reïna) Strasbourg, Bibliothèque de la Ville, m.222.c.22 — 4 texts (repertory manuscript with music;      destroyed but index survives) Château de Serrant (Maine-et-Loire), Bibliothèque de la Duchesse de la Tremoïlle — 6 texts (table      of contents only survives) Utrecht, Universiteitsbibliotheek, 6E37 — 2 texts (repertory manuscript with music) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS lat. 3343 — 2 texts (contains exchange between Vitry      and le Mote; no music) Westminster Abbey Library, 21 — 10 texts (words only) Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS. fr. 1131 — 2 texts

KEY TO ABBREVIATIONS FOR EDITIONS
(This list includes all standard editions of the poems contained in University of Pennsylvania MS French 15 and most other editions of them. Complete reference for the editions are provided in the Bibliography.)

1. Apel, Willi, ed. French Secular Compositions of the Fourteenth Century.
2. Bertoni, Giulio. “Liriche di Oton de Grandson, Guillaume de Machaut e di altri poeti in un nuovo canzoniere.”
3. Guillaume de Machaut. Guillaume de Machaut: Poésies lyriques. Ed. Vladimir Fedorovich Chichmaref.
4. Guillaume de Machaut. Oeuvres de Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Ernest Hoepffner.
5. Le Jardin de Plaisance et Fleur de Réthorique.
6. Kibler, William W., and James I. Wimsatt, eds. “The Development of the Pastourelle in the Fourteenth Century.”
7. Ludwig, Friedrich. Guillaume de Machaut: Musikalische Werke.
8. Guillaume de Machaut. Quinze poésies inédites de Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Bernard Monod.
9. Mudge, Charles R. “The Pennsylvania Chansonnier.”
10. Orsier, Joseph. Un Ambassadeur de Savoie en Angleterre.
11. Pagès, Amadée, ed. La Poésie française en Catalogne du XIIIe siècle à la fin du XVe siècle.
12. Guillaume de Machaut. Le Livre du Voir Dit de Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Paulin Paris.
13. Piaget, Arthur. Oton de Grandson, sa vie et ses poésies.
14. Eustache Deschamps. Oeuvres complètes d’Eustache Deschamps. Ed. Gaston Raynaud and le marquis de Queux de Saint-Hilaire.
15. Schirer, G. Ludwig. Oton de Granson und seine Dichtungen.
16. Guillaume de Machaut. The Works of Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Leo Schrade.
17. Guillaume de Machaut. Les Oeuvres de Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Prosper Tarbé.
18. Tarbé, Prosper, ed. Poésies d’Agnès de Navarre-Champagne.
19. Le Dit de la Panthère d’Amours. Ed. Henry A. Todd.
20. Pognon, E. “Ballades mythologiques.”
21. Wilkins, Nigel E., ed. A Fourteenth-Century Repertory from the Codex Reïna.
22. Guillaume de Machaut. La Louange des Dames by Guillaume de Machaut. Ed. Nigel E. Wilkins.
23. Wilkins, Nigel E., ed. One Hundred Ballades, Rondeaux and Virelays.
24. Wimsatt, James I. Chaucer and the Poems of “Ch.”

LIST OF CONTENTS OF PENN
1. fol. 1a	[Pastourelle] Inc: [U]n veil pastoure nomme hermans Refr: Je le weil aussi le veult dieux Metr: 5 sts. ababccddedE; envoy, ddeddE; octosyllabics Eds: 2, 6
The first fifteen poems of Penn make a coherent group of five-stanza works, twelve pastourelles, and three serventois, composed in Picard dialect in early and mid-fourteenth century. No doubt they were written for the bourgeois puys rather than for the courts, for which the remaining poems in Penn seem to have been composed. See “Jean Froissart and the Pastourelle Section of Penn” (above) for more information.
2. fol. 1c 3. fol. 2a 4. fol. 2b 5. fol. 2d 6. fol. 3b	Pastourelle Inc: Robin seoit droit delez un perier Refr: Par la vertu de constellacion Metr: 5 sts. ababbccddeddE; envoy, ddeddE; decasyllabics Ed: 6 Pastourelle Inc: En un friche vers un marchais Refr: Se je truis mon proufit a faire Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcD; no envoy; octobyllabics Ed: 6 Pastourelle Inc: Desa amiens plusieurs bergiers trouvay Refr: Comment uns homs puet estre si quetis         Envers uns autres ne si infortunez. Metr: 5 sts. ababccddeDE; envoy, ddeDE; decayllabics Ed: 6 Pastourelle de Justice Inc: Plusieurs bergiers et bergerelles Refr: Justice en va en ynde pour manoir (first half variable) Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, ccdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 6 Pastourelle Inc: Trois bergiers dancien aez Refr: Un leu pour garder les oeilles Metr: 5 sts. ababbccddeeffgG; envoy, ffgG; octosyllabics Ed: 6
The metrics of this poem and the next have a significant likeness to Froissart’s pastourelles. In addition, both poems have historical and geographical references which suggest composition in or near Froissart’s (and England’s Queen Philippa’s) homeland about 1360 or shortly before.
7. fol. 3d	Pastourelle Inc: Madoulz li bergiers et ses fieulx Refr: Aussi tost com crie St George Metr: 5 sts. ababbccddeeffgfG; envoy, ffgfG; octosyllabics
This pastourelle concerns the bands of pillagers who roamed northern France in the 1350s and 1360s, crying “St. George.” But the cry did not mean they were English; in this case, they were Boulenois.
8. fol. 4c 9. fol. 5a 10. fol. 5c	Pastourelle amoureuse Inc: Robin seoit et maret a plains camps Refr: Par le corps dieu et vous ferez que sage (first half variable) Metr: 5 sts. ababbccbbddbD; envoy, bbdD; decasyllabics Ed: 6 Pastourelle Inc: En un marchais de grant antiquite Refr: Argus perdi sa femme vrayment         Quot nom yo et si avoit c. yeulx Metr: 5 sts. ababccdCD; envoy, ccdCD; decasyllabics Pastourelle Inc: Onques ne fu en mon dormant songans Refr: Depuis le temps nabugodonozor (first half-line variable) Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, ccdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 6
This “pastourelle,” and Poems 11 and 15, which are called “serventois,” are dream visions, though dream visions are typical of neither genre. This dream is under the aegis of the fairies.
11. fol. 5d	Serventois amoureux Inc: En avisant les esches atalus Refr: Quonques ne fist orpheus ne seraine Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, cdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 6
In this dream vision the narrator sees marvels assisted by the guidance of the “eagle of Theseus” and the “horse of Jason.” Certain matters of structure and content suggest Chaucer’s House of Fame, e.g., when the narrator, dangling from the talking eagle’s claw, sees beasts of the zodiac; and the second of the two places he visits is the “ostel Dedalus.”
12. fol. 6b	Pastourelle amoureuse Inc: Es plus lons jours de la Saint Jehan deste Refr: Corps gracieux vrays humains paradis Metr: 3 sts. ababbccbbdbD; envoy, bbdbD; decasyllabics Ed: 6
The bergère in this poem inverts the aubade convention by reproaching the sun and the day for leaving too soon. One is reminded of Chaucer’s resuscitation of the aubade in Troilus and Criseyde and The Reeve’s Tale.
13. fol. 6d	Serventois pastourel Inc: Samours nestoit plus puissant que nature Metr: 5 sts. ababccddc; envoy, ddc; decasyllabics Ed: 6
Indications of an early date for this poem include its lack of refrain and its sharing stanza openings with a poem of Brisebarre le Court, who died before 1340. Our serventois may have been written for the same poetic contest as Brisebarre’s.5
14. fol. 7a 15. fol. 7c	Pastourelle Inc: Decha brimeu sur un ridel Refr: Tant grate chievre que gist mal Metr: 5 sts. aabaabbccdccD; envoy, ccD; octosyllabics except short sixth lines Ed: 6 Serventois Inc: Par bas cavech et pesant couverture Refr: Qui se nommoit fortune la dervee (first half-line variable) Metr: ababbccdcD; envoy, ccdecD; decasyllabics
This dream vision is a political allegory, utilizing heraldic symbols, which involves the leopard of England (Edward III), the black lion of Flanders (probably Louis de Male), and the fleur de lis (the French king). Fortune taunts the leopard that his luck is gone.
16. fol. 8a	Balade Inc: La char dor fin gemme mena phebus Refr: Cicropiens le clergie de bachus Metr: 3 sts. ababbabA; decasyllabics Ed: 9
Mudge includes this among “corrupt” and “insoluble” works in Penn.6 Its heavy use of often-obscure classical reference resembles that for which Vitry and Campion criticized Jean de le Mote.
17. fol. 8b 18. fol. 8c 19. fol. 10a	Balade Inc: Qui est de moy vivant plus dolereux Refr: Pointe trenchant regart de basilique Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Complaint de pastour et de pastourelle amoureuse Inc: Une jeune gentil bergiere Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 19 sts. ababbccdeD; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC; Paris, BN f.fr.1131; f.fr. 24440; Carpentras, Bibl.         Inguimbertine, fr. 390. Eds: 10, 11, 13, 15, 17 Balade Inc: Pitagoras en ses chancons divines Refr: Fors seulement que de trompe et de harpe Metr: 3 sts. ababccddedE; decasyllabics Ed: 9
Music is the subject of this balade, but it evidently was not set to music. With the reference to Pythagoras, one might compare Chaucer’s Book of the Duchess, line 1167. The texts abound with such allusions.
20. fol. 10b	Balade Inc: Salus assez par bonne entencion Refr: Car le couroux ny vault pas une maille Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, ccdcD; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC; Paris, Bibl. Rothschild 2796 Eds: 10, 11, 13, 15
Only twelve balades in Penn have envoys, and this is the only one before Poem 229. Envoys came to be added to balades in the latter part of the fourteenth century.
21. fol. 10c 22. fol. 10d	Balade Inc: Je congnois bien les tourmens amoureux Refr: Qui fondre peust et lui renouveller (first half-line variable) Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccddedE; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Je vous choisy noble loyal amour Refr: Que nulle autre jamais ne choisiray Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB; Brussels, Bibl. Royale 10961–70 Eds: 5, 13, 15
Except for the refrain and line 23, all lines begin “Je vous choisy.” The poem is called “Balade de Saint Valentin” in MS Gr2, and an envoy is added to it in Ed 5.
23. fol. 11a 24. fol. 11b 25. fol. 11c	Balade Inc: Jay en mon cuer j. oeil qui toudiz veille Refr: Qui mon cuer voit toudiz ou que je soye Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics MS: GrA Eds: 2, 13 Balade Inc: Loyal amour ardant et desireuse Refr: Que de riens plus ne me souvient par mame         Fors que amour et de ma belle dame Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccDD; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 La complainte de lan nouvel Inc: Jadis mavint que par merancolie Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 8 sts. ababbcbc; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 10, 11, 13, 15
In MS GrB the title is “La complainte de lan nouvel que Gransson fist pour un chevalier quil escoutoit complaindre.” Its situation imitates that of the dream in Chaucer’s Book of the Duchess.
26. fol. 12a	Complainte Inc: Je souloye de mes yeulx avoir joye Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 12 sts. aaabaaabbbbabbba; decasyllabic except every fourth line tetrasyllabic MSS: GrA; GrB Eds: 13, 15
The first letters of the first six stanzas form the name ISABEL. Compare Poem 27. The reference is probably to Isabel of York in the first place, and perhaps to Isabel of Bavaria in the second. See "Chaucer and MS French 15 (Penn)," footnote 2.
27. fol. 13b	Souhait en complainte Inc: Il me convient par souhait conforter Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 64 lines decasyllabic couplets MSS: GrA, GrB Eds: 13, 15
The rubric in the manuscript was originally “Le Souhait Saint Valentin” (as in GrB), but was altered. The first letters of the first six lines form the acrostic ISABEL. Compare Poem 26. This and Poem 106 are the only works in Penn in decasyllabic couplets.
28. fol. 13d 29. fol. 14a	Lestraine du jour de lan Inc: Joye sante paix et honnour Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 42 lines octosyllabic couplets MSS: GrA, GrB Eds: 10, 13, 15 Le Lay de desir en complainte Inc: Belle tournez vers moy vos yeulx Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: Lay form with twenty-four stanzas in pairs, each with differing metrics, totaling         210 lines MSS: GrA, GrB Eds: 10, 13, 15
A 165-line poem by Granson in Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 1131, edited separately in 13 and 15, opens with the same twenty-one lines as this poem.
30. fol. 15c	Balade (“Complainte” effaced and “Balade” superimposed) Inc: Il nest confort qui tant de bien me face Refr: Car chascun a joie de li loer Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccB; decayllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 11, 13, 15, 24 (see above for this and poems 31–34)
This is the first of the series of five balades identified in MS GrB as “Les Cinq Balades Ensievans.” Chaucer imitated the first, fourth, and fifth (Poems 30, 33, and 34) in his “Complaint to Venus.”
31. fol. 15d	Balade Inc: A mon advis dieu raison et nature Refr: Car trop par est son cuer plain de reffus Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccB; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 11, 13, 14, 24
The second of the Cinq Balades.
32. fol. 16a	Balade Inc: Or est ainsi que pour la bonne et belle Refr: Priez pour moy tous le loyaulx amans Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccB; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 11, 13, 15, 24
The third of the Cinq Balades.
33. fol. 16b	Balade Inc: Certes amour cest chose convenable Refr: Tout a rebours de ce quon veult trouver Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccB; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 11, 13, 15, 24
The fourth of the Cinq Balades.
34. fol. 16c	Balade Inc: Amours sachiez que pas ne le veulz dire Refr: De li servir ne seray jamais las Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccB; decasyllabics MSS: GrA, GrB, GrC Eds: 10, 11, 13, 15, 24
The fifth of the Cinq Balades.
35. fol. 16c	Balade Inc: Dur moises de langoreuse mort Refr: Vielle me lais qui jeune mas hussee         Pour un annel de la fleur de soucie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcBC; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 (see above)
As with Poem 7, Mudge includes this with “corrupt” and “insoluble” texts. It is closely related to “Ch” V (Penn Poem 61).
36. fol. 16d	Balade Inc: Ce quay pense voulez que je vous die Refr: Il nest deduit qui vaille celui la Auth: Attributed to Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: J Ed: 3
Though it is found in the “secondary” Machaut collection, MS J, the poem is probably not Machaut’s.
37. fol. 17a	Balade Inc: Un vert jardin joly Refr: Fu ce bien songie Auth: Attributed to Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7b5a7b5b5c6b5c6 MS: J Ed: 3
Balades with short lines like this one are very rare in Penn. As with Poem 36, it is probably not Machaut’s. It tells the narrator’s amorous dream.
38. fol. 17b	Balade Inc: Dedens mon cuer est pourtraite une ymage Refr: Resjois est quiconques la regarde Auth: Grimace Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: Bern, Burgerbibliothek, A421 Eds: 1, 9
Bern MS (K) presents first stanza only, with music. For Grimace, see "Chaucer and MS French 15 (Penn)"; see also Poems 190, 191 below.
39. fol. 17b	Balade Inc: Onques mais namay/ne ne demenay Refr: Et point ne men refraindray Metr: 3 sts. a5a5b7a5a5b7b7a7A7 Ed: 9
Another balade with short lines.
40. fol. 17c 41. fol. 17d 42. fol. 18a	Balade Inc: Esgare sui en divers destour Refr: Si vous suppli que madreciez en voye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: De bon eur en grant maleurete Refr: Je sui banis de bonne compaignie Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MS: We Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Se tu monde estre veuls en ce monde Refr: Ou estre pues devoure dun seul louf (variable)         Quadroit nomme est cire mire bouf Metr: 3 sts. ababbbCC Eds: 9, 24 (see above)
Mudge includes the poem among the “corrupt” and “insoluble.” Its humor, however, is hardly inaccessible.7
43. fol. 18b	[Balade] Inc: He loyaute bien te pues reposer Refr: Si est pitie quainsi loyaute dort Auth: Ascribed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: DeB Ed: 14
Probably by Deschamps. See above.
44. fol. 18b	Balade Inc: Vous qui avez pour passer vostre vie Refr: Viellesce vient guerredon faut temps se passe Auth: Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: DeA, DeB Ed: 14
The only poem in Penn which appears in the major Deschamps collection, DeA. Deschamps quotes the first stanza in his Art de Dictier (Ed. 14, VII, 275).
45. fol. 18c	Balade Inc: Pymalion paris genevre helaine Refr: Prouver le puis pour vray comme evangile         Par salemon aristote et virgille Metr: 3 sts. ababccDD; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This balade gives eleven examples of victims of Venus.
46. fol. 18d 47. fol. 20b	Lay Inc: Sans avoir joye deport Metr: Does not adhere strictly to lay form. 24 sts., mostly paired, mostly          a7a7a7b4a7a7a7b4; 190 lines Balade Inc: Quant plus regart le gracieux viaire Refr: Vivre sans lui bonnement ne porroye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This is the first of a series of seven anonymous rhyme royal balades, Machaut’s favorite balade form. A devoted lover is the speaker in all seven.
48. fol. 20c 49. fol. 20d 50. fol. 20d 51. fol. 21a 52. fol. 21b 53. fol. 20d	Balade Inc: Dame qui jain plus quautre creature Refr: Comment vous ain de cuer de corps et dame Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Il a longtemps quen moy maint j. desir Refr. Affin que soit de mamour plus certaine Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC: decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Amours me fist recevoir grant honnour Refr: De la belle qui mes mauls tient en cure Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: La grant doucour et le courtois parler Refr: Si doulcement quil nest riens qui manoye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Ne scay comment .j. cuer plain de doulour Refr: Se longuement my faloit demourer Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Helas bien voy quil me couvient finer Refr: Et a ma dame aussi me recommans Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This is a rhyme royal lover’s testament, comparable to Crisyede’s in Troilus and Crisyede IV.771–91, and Troilus’ in V.295–315.
54. fol. 21c 55. fol. 21d	Balade Inc: Je ne puis trop amour louer Refr: Et quanque jay desbatement Metr: 3 sts. ababcdcD; octosyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Se veuls aujourdhui vivre en paix Refr: Cest la chose dont plus tennorte Auth: Attributed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababcdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 5, 14 MSS: DeB; Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MSS fr. 1140, 5727, 25434, naf. 10032;         Berlin, Kupferstichkabinett, 78 B 17; Cambrai, Biblioteca Municipale 811–12; Epinal,         Bibliothèque de la Ville, 189; Rome, Vatican Ottobuona 1212; Turin, L.IV.3
Considering that it is an anonymous text without music, this balade is contained in an extraordinary number and range of manuscripts. It has the popular moral tone of much of Deschamps’ poetry, and is probably his.
56. fol. 22a 57. fol. 22b 58. fol. 22b 59. fol. 22c 60. fol. 22d 61. fol. 23a	Balade Inc: Ou estes vous joye et esbatement Refr: Donc en doulour me faut user ma vie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: De toutes roses ne qui qun seul bouton Refr: Qui comparee puet estre a absalon Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Harpe rote eschiquier ciphonie Refr: Me het de mort cest ma dame mamie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Je croy quil nest creature mondaine Refr: Nest que tristour dont mon las cuer lermoye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: A vous dame humblement me complains Refr: Vray cuer gentilz pour vostre amour morray Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Se la puissant royne semiramis Refr: Tant que je peusse ma dame en aide avoir Metr: 3 sts. ababccddeefF; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This poem provides probably the earliest extant list of the Neuf Preuses (Female Worthies), which Deschamps has been supposed to originate (See No. 14, XI, 226–27; and McMillan, “Men’s Weapons,” p. 137n2). In the light of the multiple classical allusions, and the poem’s position in Penn immediately preceding the exchange between Philippe de Vitry and Jean de le Mote, we might suppose the author to be Jean. The Neuf Preux were originated by Jacques de Longuyon in his Alexander romance, Les Voeux du paon (c. 1310). Jean, whose Parfait du Paon is a continuation of Jacques’ poem, would be a likely originator of the Preuses.
62. fol. 23b	Balade Inc: De terre en grec gaule appellee Refr: En albion de dieu maldicte Auth: Philippe de Vitry Metr: 3 sts. ababbcdcD; octosyllabic except fifth lines have four syllables MS: Vit Eds: 9, 20, 24 (see above)
Mudge relegates this and the following poem by Jean de le Mote to his “obscure” classification.
63. fol. 23c	La Response Inc: O victriens mondains dieu darmonie Refr: De terre en grec gaulle de dieu amee Auth: Jean de Ie Mote Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics MS: Vit Eds: 9, 20, 24 (see above)
For poems which provide a sequel to this exchange, found in Vit, see above.
64. fol. 23d 65. fol. 25a 66. fol. 25f 67. fol. 25b 68. fol. 25c 69. fol. 25d	Lay Inc: Se fortune destinee et menee Metr: 150 lines of from four to ten syllables divided into sixteen stanzas of varying length, not         usually paired. It has the expected length but not the set form prescribed for the lay. Balade Inc: Amour vraye en paix seurement Refr: Dont fait il bon vivre amoureusement Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Bien appartient a dame de hault pris Refr: A dieu comment douceur et sa beaute Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Raison se seigne et honneur se merveille Refr: Mon cuer mamour mesperance ma joye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Bien doy amours parfaitement loer Refr: Sen loe amours et vous madame aussi Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Maint amant ay veu desconforter Refr: Dont sens raison font plaintes et clamours Auth: Attributed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MS: DeB Ed: 14
Probably not by Deschamps. See above.
70. fol. 26a 71. fol. 26a	Balade Inc: Se cruaulte felonnie et regour Refr: Saroient il ce croy pitie de mi Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Se dieu me doint de vostre amour jouir Refr: Honneur deduit bien paix sante ne joye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
Mudge notes that the incipit is like that of a Machaut balade, “Se Dieux me doint de ma dame joir.” The similarity extends no further.8
72. fol. 26b	Balade Inc: Qui des couleurs sauroit a droit jugier Refr: Que fin azur loyaute segnefie Auth: Guillaume de Machant Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MS: G Eds: 3, 22, 23
Since this balade appears only in the latest “primary” Machaut collection, it was probably composed after 1364 and is the latest of the poems of Machaut in Penn. The color symbolism suggests Chaucer's Anelida and Arcite, lines 145–46, 180, 330, and the refrain of “Against Women Unconstant” — “In stede of blew, thus may ye were al grene.”
73. fol. 26c 74. fol. 26d 75. fol. 26d 76. fol. 27a 77. fol. 27b	Balade Inc: Certes mes plours ne font que commancier Refr: Amour le veult et mon cuer si ottrie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics. Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Il a long temps quamay premierement Refr: Mais quant li plaist en gre recoy la mort Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: We Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Trop me merveil de ce monde present Refr: Car ilz ne sont remery de personne Metr: 3 sts. ababcdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Toutes vertus voy au jour dui perir Refr: Dont nuit et jour mon cuer sueffre martire Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Balade Inc: A justement considerer Refr: On na que sa vie en ce monde Auth: Attributed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: ababbcC; seven-syllable lines MS: DeB Ed: 14
Probably by Deschamps.
78. fol. 27c 79. fol. 29a 80. fol. 29b 81. fol. 29b	Lay Inc: Se pour doulereux tourment Metr: Approximately lay form; 24 sts., generally paired, each pair with differing         metrics; 191 lines Balade Inc: Se la sage rebeque estoit vivant Refr: Par fausse envie et langue envenimee Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except seven-syllable fifth lines Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Aspre reffus contre doulce priere Refr: Pour bien servir ay je tel guerredon Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Eds: 5, 9 Rondel Inc: Doulce dame quant vers vous fausseray Refr: Tout bien deveroit en mon cuer defaillir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 1ines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 17, 22
Poems 81–120 are all by Machaut; poems 81–113 all appear in manuscripts in Machaut's Louange des dames (lyrics not set to music).
82. fol. 29c	Balade Inc: Dame plaisant nette et pure Refr: Sainsi nest que ne vous voye Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 6 sts. ababbcC; seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, J, K, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22, 23
In other manuscripts the rubric is “Balade double.”
83. fol. 29d 84. fol. 29d	Rondel Inc: Mon cuer qui mis en vous son desir a Refr: Mourra sa lui ne vous voit desiree Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc: Il nest doulour desconfort ne tristece Refr: Et tout pour vous beaulz doulz loyaulz amis Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 12, 18, 22
Besides Louange this poem appears in Voir Dit.
85. fol. 30a 86. fol. 30a	Rondel Inc: Cuer corps desir povoir vie et usage Refr: En vous servir doulce dame mis ay Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc: Trop est crueulz le mal de jalousie Refr: Il vaurroit mieux cent contre un estre coux Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 17, 22
The sentiment that it is better to be a cuckold than jealous would appeal to the Wife of Bath, though the narrator here — who is jealous — is prejudiced, as the Wife is for a different reason.
87. fol. 30b 88. fol. 30c 89. fol. 30c 90. fol. 30d 91. fol. 30d 92. fol. 31a 93. fol. 31a	Rondel Inc: Blanche com lis plus que rose vermeille Refr: Resplendissant com rubis doriant Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 17, 22 Balade Inc: Doulce dame vo maniere jolie Refr: Durement vif et humblement lendure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg, DeB Eds: 3, 14, 22 Rondel Inc: Dame je muir pour vous com pris Refr: Pour bien amer dont mieux menprise Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: ABaAbAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc: Nulz homs ne puet en amours prouffiter Refr: Telle est damours la noble seignourie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, J, K, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Partuez moy a louvrir de voz yeulx Refr: Dame de qui mercy ne puis atraire Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc. Je ne sui pas de tel valour Refr: Jay bien vaillant un cuer dami Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababcdcD; octosyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, J, K, M, Vg, GrA Eds: 3, 13, 18, 22 Chançon Royal Inc: Onques mais nul nama si folement Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdd; envoy, dccd; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22, 23
Six of the eight chants royaux that Machaut wrote are found among Poems 93 to 104.
94. fol. 31c 95. fol. 31d 96. fol. 31d 97. fol. 32b	Rondel Inc: Par souhaidier est mes corps avec vous Refr: Dame et mes cuers en tout temps y demeure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Trop est mauvais mes cuers quen .ij. ne part Refr. Pour vous que jaim loyaument sans partie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Chançon royal Inc: Amour me fait desirer loyaument Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababccddeed; envoy, deed; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: San cuer dolans de vous departiray Refr: Et sans avoir joye jusques au retour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 12, 16, 17, 22
Besides in Louange this rondeau appears in the Voir Dit and set to music.
98. fol. 32b 99. fol. 32d 100. fol. 32d 101. fol. 33b 102. fol. 33b 103. fol. 33d 104. fol. 33d 105. fol. 34b	Chançon Royal Inc: Cuers ou mercy faut et cruautez y dure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababbccb; envoy, cbbc; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Quant ma dame ne ma recongneu Refr: Je doy moult bien sens perdre et congnoissance Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Chançon Royal Inc: Je croy que nulz fors moy na tel nature Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababccdd; envoy, dccd; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: De plus en plus ma grief doulour empire Refr: Dont moult souvent mes cuers souspire et pleure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; AbaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Chançon Royal Inc: Se trestuit cil qui sont et ont este Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababccddee; envoy, cddee; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Pour dieu frans cuers soiez mes advocas Refr: Vers mesdisans qui de mon bien nont cure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Chançon Royal Inc: Se loyautez et vertus ne puissance Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdd; envoy, ababbccdd; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Certes mon oeil richement visa bel Refr: Quant premier vi ma dame bonne et belle Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg, DeB Eds: 3, 5, 7, 16, 22
Although this rondel appears without music in Louange, it appears set to music elsewhere; Deschamps quotes it in the Art de Dictier (Ed. No. 14, VII, 287).
106. fol. 34b	Balade [for Complaine] Inc: Deux choses sont qui me font a martire Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 36 lines decasyllabic couplets MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 12, 18
This and Poem 27 are the only poems in Penn in decasyllabic couplets.
107. fol. 34c 108. fol. 34d	Rondel Inc: Doulce dame tant com vivray Refr: Sera mes cuers a vos devis Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; octosyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, M, Vg; Stockholm, Kungliga Biblioteket, Vu22 Eds: 3, 17, 22 Balade Inc: Je prens congie aus dames a amours Refr: Quant jay perdu la rien que plus amoye Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MSS: A, E, G, M Eds: 3, 22
Troilus and Criseyde, I.543 and III.115, has imagery of tears similar to that in this balade. Other echoes are found in Chaucer's "Complaint to Pity" and "Lak of Stedfastnesse."
109. fol. 34d 110. fol. 35a	Rondel Inc: Se tenir veulz le droit chemin donneur Refr: Ce que tu as aux bons liement donne         Et ce que n'as promet a chiere bonne Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 11 lines; ABBaAabbABB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Complainte Inc: Amours tu mas tant este dure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 32 sts. aaabaaab bbbcbbbc, etc.; octosyllabic except fourth lines have four syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
Chaucer uses lines 1–8 of this poem in Book of the Duchess, lines 16–21.
111. fol. 37a	Rondel Inc: Se vo courroux me dure longuement Refr: Je ne puis pas avoir longue duree Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
Machaut has another rondel in the Louange with the same first lines.
112. fol. 37a	Complainte Inc: Mon cuer mamour ma dame souveraine Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 12 sts. aaabaaabbbbabbba; decasyllabics except fourth lines have four syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
The first sixteen lines form an acrostic MARGUERITE/PIERRE, referring to Pierre of Cyprus, who was in England in 1363 promoting his crusade, and probably Marguerite of Flanders.
113. fol. 38c 114. fol. 38c	Rondel Inc: Je ne pourroye en servant desservir Refr: Ce quamours veult dame que je vous serve Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Mercy vous pri ma doulce dame chiere Refr: Qua moy ne soit par vous joye encherie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
This poem appears among Machaut's rondeaux set to music.
115. fol. 38d	Balade Inc: Amours me fait desirer Refr: Que je laye sans rouver Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7a4b7a4a4b7b7b4a7b7b4A7 MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 8, 16, 22, 23
Appears both in Louange and among balades set to music.
116. fol. 38d	Rondel Inc: Quant jay lespart Refr: De vo regart         Dame donnour         Son doulz espart         En moy espart         Toute doucour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 24 lines; AABAABaab, etc.; four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut's rondeaux set to music.
117. fol. 39a	Rondel Inc: Comment puet on mieulx ses maulz dire Refr: A dame qui congnoist honnour         Et com laime de vraye amour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 13 lines; ABBabABabbABB; octosyllabics MSS: A, B, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Except for line length, this rondeau has the same versification as Chaucer's rondeaux in Parliament of Fowls and "Merciles Beaute."
118. fol. 39a 119. fol. 39b	Balade Inc: Trop me seroit grief chose a soustenir Refr: Tant pour sonnour com pour la paix de mi Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel
This poem is identical to Poem 81.
106. fol. 34b	Balade [for Complaine] Inc: Deux choses sont qui me font a martire Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 36 lines decasyllabic couplets MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 12 ,18
This and Poem 27 are the only poems in Penn in decasyllabic couplets.
107. fol. 34c 108. fol. 34d	Rondel Inc: Doulce dame tant com vivray Refr: Sera mes cuers a vos devis Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; octosyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, M, Vg; Stockholm, Kungliga Biblioteket, Vu22 Eds: 3, 17, 22 Balade Inc: Je prens congie aus dames a amours Refr: Quant jay perdu la rien que plus amoye Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MSS: A, E, G, M Eds: 3, 22
Troilus and Criseyde, I.543 and III.115, has imagery of tears similar to that in this balade. Other echoes are found in Chaucer’s “Complaint to Pity” and “Lak of Stedfastnesse.”
109. fol. 34d 110. fol. 35a	Rondel Inc: Se tenir veulz le droit chemin donneur Refr: Ce que tu as aux bons liement donne         Et ce que n’as promet a chiere bonne Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 11 lines; ABBaAabbABB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Complainte Inc: Amours tu mas tant este dure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 32 sts. aaabaaab bbbcbbbc, etc.; octosyllabic except fourth lines have four syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
Chaucer uses lines 1–8 of this poem in Book of the Duchess, lines 16–21.
111. fol. 37a	Rondel Inc: Se vo courroux me dure longuement Refr: Je ne puis pas avoir longue duree Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
Machaut has another rondel in the Louange with the same first lines.
112. fol. 37a	Complainte Inc: Mon cuer mamour ma dame souveraine Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 12 sts. aaabaaabbbbabbba; decasyllabics except fourth lines have four syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22
The first sixteen lines form an acrostic MARGUERITE/PIERRE, referring to Pierre of Cyprus, who was in England in 1363 promoting his crusade, and probably Marguerite of Flanders.
113. fol. 38c 114. fol. 38c	Rondel Inc: Je ne pourroye en servant desservir Refr: Ce quamours veult dame que je vous serve Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, G, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel Inc: Mercy vous pri ma doulce dame chiere Refr: Qua moy ne soit par vous joye encherie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
This poem appears among Machaut’s rondeaux set to music.
115. fol. 38d	Balade Inc: Amours me fait desirer Refr: Que je laye sans rouver Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7a4b7a4a4b7b7b4a7b7b4A7 MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 8, 16, 22, 23
Appears both in Louange and among balades set to music.
116. fol. 38d	Rondel Inc: Quant jay lespart Refr: De vo regart         Dame donnour         Son doulz espart         En moy espart         Toute doucour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 24 lines; AABAABaab, etc.; four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut's rondeaux set to music.
117. fol. 39a	Rondel Inc: Comment puet on mieulx ses maulz dire Refr: A dame qui congnoist honnour         Et com laime de vraye amour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 13 lines; ABBabABabbABB; octosyllabics MSS: A, B, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Except for line length, this rondeau has the same versification as Chaucer's rondeaux in Parliament of Fowls and “Merciles Beaute.”
118. fol. 39a 119. fol. 39b	Balade Inc: Trop me seroit grief chose a soustenir Refr: Tant pour sonnour com pour la paix de mi Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Rondel
This poem is identical to Poem 81.
120. fol. 39b 121. fol. 40d 122. fol. 41a	Lay Inc: Pour ce quen puist mieulx retraire Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 240 lines; in lay form of twenty-four sts. matched in pairs.         Complex rhymes with many short lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Ed: 3 Virelay Inc: Fin cuer tresdoulz a mon vueil Refr: Font en vous leur droit sejour, etc. Metr: 33 lines; ABBABbabaabbab, etc.; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Espris damours nuit et jour me complains Refr: Traire il mest grief mais ne men puis retraire Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: We Ed: 9
This balade has “retrograde” rhymes, with the rhyme syllables repeated at beginning of next lines.
123. fol. 41b 124. fol. 41c	Virelay Inc: Doulz regart par subtil atrait Refr: Au cuer ma si feru et trait, etc. Metr: 37 lines; AABBAccdccdaabba, etc.; octosyllabics Rondel Inc: Revien espoir confort aie party Refr: Car pitez sest en ma dame endormy Metr: 8 lines; AbaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: Cam, Tr, Str, Ut Ed: 1
Appears in Cam and Ut set to music (forms double rondeau with Poem 125).
125. fol. 41d	Rondel Inc: Espoir me faut a mon grant besoin Refr: Com plus me voit en peril plus selongne Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB MSS: Cam, Tr, Str, Ut Ed: 1
Appears (with Poem 124) in Cam and Ut set to music.
126. fol. 416 127. fol. 42a	Virelay Inc: Par un tout seul escondire Refr: De bouche et non du cuer fait, etc. Metr: 28 lines; ABBAbabaabba, etc.; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Un chastel scay es droiz fiez de lempire Refr: Cilz chasteaulz est la perilleuse garde Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
The narrative of this balade, parallel to the Roman de la Rose, presents the narrator entering the castle of Venus in defiance of a “dame de raison.”
128. fol. 42a 129. fol. 42c 130. fol. 42d 131. fol. 43a 132. fol. 43b 133. fol. 43c 134. fol. 43d	Virelay Inc: Vostre oeil par fine doucour Refr: Mont mis en plaisant labour, etc. Metr: 53 lines; AABBAccdccdaabba, etc.; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Beaute flourist et jeunesce verdoye Refr: Celle que dieux et nature ot si chier Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Virelay Inc: Sans faire tort a nullui Refr: Puis je bien amer et doy, etc. Metr: 40 lines; ABBAbabaabba, etc.; seven-syllable lines Virelay Inc: Biaute bonte et doucour Refr: Faiticite sans folour, etc. Metr: 47 lines; AABBAcdcdaabba, etc.; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Larriereban de mortele doulour Refr: Qui par longtemps ma tenu compaignie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC Eds: 5, 9 Virelay Inc: Je me doing a vous ligement Refr: Ne je nay dautre amour cure, etc. Metr: 40 lines; ABABcdcdabab, etc.; octosyllabics Balade Inc: Quiconques se complaigne de fortune perverse Refr: Qui ma rendu ladvis et fait dun fol .j. sage Auth: Attributed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC, twelve-syllable lines MS: DeB Ed: 14
Few formes fixes lyrics are composed of alexandrine lines as this one is. It is probably by Deschamps.
135. fol. 44a 136. fol. 44b	Virelay Inc: Onques narcisus en la clere fontaine Refr: Ne se mira si perilleusement, etc. Metr: 28 lines; ABABcdcdabab, etc.; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Se lucresse la tresvaillant rommaine Refr: A dalida jhezabel et thays Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MS: GrA Ed: 13
Following Machaut in attacking slanderers, Granson brings forward many literary examples.
137. fol. 44c	Lay Inc: Amours se plus demandoie Expl: Explicit le lay du paradis damours Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 198 lines; twenty-four sts. matched in pairs; complex rhymes; many short lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, J, K, M, Vg; Paris, BN f.fr. 7220 Eds: 3, 18
This lay is an important source of Antigone’s song in Troilus and Criseyde II.827–75. As is not uncommon with formes fixes lyrics, a lady is the narrator here.
138. fol. 46a 139. fol. 46c 140. fol. 47a 141. fol. 47b 142. fol. 47c 143. fol. 47d 144. fol. 48a	Virelay Inc: A toy doulz amis seulement me complains Refr: Et descuevre celeement mes dolens plains, etc. Metr: 66 lines; AABAABcccdcccdaabaab, etc.; eight-, ten-, eleven-, and twelve-syllable         lines Virelay Inc: A poy que mon cuer ne fent Refr: Tant suis dolent, etc. Metr: 73 lines; AABBAABcccdcccdaabbaab, etc.; seven- and four-syllable lines Virelay Inc: Avec ce que ne puis plaire Refr: A ma dame debonnaire, etc. Metr: 47 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.; seven- and five-syllable lines Virelay Inc: Mon tresdoulz cuer et ma tresdouce amour Refr: Mon bien ma joye et mon tresdoulz desir Metr: 33 lines; ABBABabababbab, etc; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Amis mon cuer et toute ma pensee Refr: Vous ameray tous les jours de ma vie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, M, Vg Eds: 3, 18, 22 Virelay Inc: Nest merveille se je change coulour Refr: Et se sempre ades de jour en jour, etc. Metr: 36 lines; AABBAcdcdaabba, etc.; decasyllabics Virelay Inc: Tresdoulz et loyaulz amis Refr: Cuer et parfaite penser, etc. Metr: 60 lines; ABABBAccdccdababba, etc.; seven-syllable lines MS: PR Eds: 1, 21
Set to music in PR.
145. fol. 48b	[Rondel] Inc: Puis quen oubli sui de vous doulz amis Refr: Vie amoureuse et joye a dieu comment Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, E, G, M Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in Machaut collections among rondeaux set to music.
146. fol. 48c 147. fol. 48c	Balade Inc: En lonneur de ma doulce amour Refr: Mais sil leur plaist il me plaist bien aussi Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabic except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc: Honte paour doubtance de meffaire Refr: Qui de sonnour veult faire bonne garde Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabic except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, D, G, J, M, Vg, DeB, Fl, Tr, We Eds: 3, 7, 14, 16, 22
As its appearance in several standard manuscript anthologies testifies, this balade was very popular. It offers words of advice to ladies concerning cautious and moral behavior in affairs of love. It is set to music in several manuscripts.
148. fol. 48d	Rondel Inc: Helas pourquoy se demente et complaint Refr: Mon cuer dolent de sa dure doulour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s rondeaux set to music.
149. fol. 49a	Chanson [Royal] Inc: Joie plaisance et doulce nourreture Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 5 sts. a10b10a10b10b6c8c8d8d5; envoy, cdd MSS: A, B, C, E, F, J, K, M, Pep, PM, Vg Eds: 4, 7, 16
This and the next poem are from Machaut’s long dit, Remede de Fortune. The fact that most of his poems preceding these in Penn come from the Louange and most that follow from the lyrics set to music and the Voir Dit suggests that the anthologist was drawing from a Machaut collection like E, made for the duke of Berry. See above.
150. fol. 49b	Virelay Inc: Dame a vous sans retollir Refr: Doing cuer pensee desir, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 ll. AABBAABaabaabaabbaab; four- and seven-syllable lines. MSS: A, B, C, E, F, J, K, M, Pep, PM, Vg Eds: 4, 7, 16
Lyrics like this one and the preceding, which are intercalated in Remede de Fortune, are set to music in several manuscripts.
151. fol. 49d	Balade Inc: Une vipere ou cuer ma dame maint Refr: Cil troy mont mort et elle que diex gart Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabic except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, We Eds: 3, 7, 16, 22
This poem is found both in Louange and among balades set to music. The lady has a viper in her heart, a scorpion in her mouth, and a basilisk in her eye, yet the lover invokes God’s protection on her.
152. fol. 49d	Balade Inc: Nen fait nen dit nen pensee Refr: Tant com je vivray Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7b5a7b5b5a7B5 MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Found in manuscripts among balades set to music.
153. fol. 50a	Balade Inc: Je puis trop bien ma dame comparer Refr: Quades la pry et riens ne me respont Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabic except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, D, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 5, 7, 16, 17, 22
Found both in Louange and among balades set to music.
154. fol. 50b	Balade Inc: Riches damour et mendians damie Refr: Quant ma dame me het et je laour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 17
Found in manuscripts among balades set to music.
155. fol. 50c	Balade Inc: Douls amis oy mon complaint Refr: Quant tes cuers en moy ne maint Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7a4a3b7a7a4a3b7b4b3a7b4b3A7 MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 18, 23
Found in manuscripts among balades set to music.
156. fol. 50d 157. fol. 51a 158. fol. 51b	Balade Inc: Le desconfort de martire amoureux Refr: En desirant vostre doulce mercy Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed. 9 Balade Inc: Ceulz dient qui ont ame Refr: Pour ce nameray plus Auth: Attributed to Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; seven-syllable lines MS: J Ed: 3 Balade Inc: Se je me plain je nen puis mais Refr: Ma dame ma congie donne Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s balades set to music.
159. fol. 51c	[Balade] Inc: Dame plaisant de beaute souveraine Refr: A vous mottry fin cuer gay bonne foy Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
The metrics of this poem are remarkable. Each line divides in three to form vertically three poems rhyming ababbcbC.9
160. fol. 51c	Balade Inc: Phiton le merveilleux serpent Refr: Quant a ma dame mercy quier Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; octosyllabics MSS: A, E, G, J, M, Tr Eds: 3, 7, 16, 23
Appears among Machaut’s balades set to music.
161. fol. 52a	Rondel Inc: Dame se vous navez aperceu Refr: Que je vous aim de cuer sans decevoir         Essayes le si le sarrez de voir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 13 lines; ABBabABabbABB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 12, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s rondeaux set to music and in Voir Dit.
163. fol. 52b	Rondel Inc: Quant ma dame les mauls damer maprent Refr: Elle me puet aussi les biens aprendre Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllablics MSS: A, E, G, M Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut’s rondeaux set to music.
164. fol. S2c	Balade Inc: De fortune me doy plaindre et loer Refr: Dame qui fust si tres bien assenee Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except seven-syllable fifth lines MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M, Vg, Ch, PR, Str, Tr Eds: 3, 5, 7, 16, 22
This popular balade, in which a lady laments the change in her fortunes in love, appears in manuscripts both in the Louange and among the balades set to music. A second balade in PR inverts the incipit and refrain of this poem.
165. fol. 52c	Balade Inc: Dame de moy bien amee Refr: Que lun de nous deux ait congie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; octosyllabics Ed: 9
This poem presents an interesting variation. The lover asks the lady to choose between him and his rival.
166. fol. 52d	Balade Inc: Se quanquamours puet donner a ami Refr: Contre le bien et la joye que jay Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg, We Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut’s balades set to music.
167. fol. 53a	Lay Inc: Ne scay comment commencier Expl: Explicit le lay de limage Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 224 lines; lay form; twenty-four sts. in pairs, each with differing metrics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Set to music in some manuscripts.
168. fol. 54d	[Balade] Inc: Beaute qui toutes autres pere Refr: Mont a ce mis que pour amer mourray Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 17
Appears among Machaut’s balades set to music.
169. fol. 54d	Balade Inc: Sans cuer men vois doulent et esplourez Refr: En lieu du cuer dame quil vous demeure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics, except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, E, G, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
This and the following two balades have the same form and same refrain, and they are set to the same music (Triple balade).
170. fol. 55a	Balade Inc: Amis dolens mas et desconfortez Refr: En lieu du cuer dame qui vous demeure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, E, G, J, M, Vg Eds: 3 ,7, 16
See note to Poem 169.
171. fol. 55b	Balade Inc: Dame par vous me sens reconfortez Refr: En lieu du cuer dame quil vous demeure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, E, G, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
See note to Poem 169.
172. fol. 55c	Demi Lay Inc: Ma chiere dame a vous mon cuer envoy Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. aaabaaabbbbabbba; decasyllabic except fourth lines have four syllables MSS: E, G Eds: 3, 7, 16
The metrics do not conform to any of the formes fixes. Machaut uses the same stanza in several complaints. Appears in E and G among balades set to music.
173. fol. 56a	[Balade] Inc: Gais et jolis lies chantans et joyeux Refr: Tout pour lespoir que jay de lui veoir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg, Mo, PR, We Eds: 2, 3, 7, 16, 22
Appears in manuscripts among balades set to music and in Louange.
174. fol. 56a	Balade Inc: De triste cuer faire joyeusement Refr: Triste dolent qui larmes de sang pleure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg, DeB Eds: 3, 7, 14, 16
Chaucer's Complaint of Mars, lines 155–59, shows important correspondences to this rhyme royal balade, which appears in Louange, among balades set to music, and in Voir Dit. The two poems which follow have the same form and refrain, and are set to the same music (Triple balade).
175. fol. 56b	Balade Inc: Quant vrais amans aime amoureusement Refr: Triste dolent qui larmes de sang pleure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
See note to Poem 174.
176. fol. 56c	Balade Inc: Certes je dy et senquier jugement Refr: Triste doulent qui larmes de sang pleure Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
See note to Poem 174.
177. fol. 56d	Rondel Inc: Tant doulcement me sens emprisonnez Refr: Quonques amant not si doulce prison Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Pe, Vg, Tr Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s rondeaux set to music.
178. fol. 56d	Balade Inc: Quant theseus hercules et jason Refr: Je voy assez puis que je voy ma dame Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, E, F, G, M, Vg, Ch, DeB, PR Eds: 3, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21, 23
This and the next balade have the same form, refrain, and music (Double balade). They appear in the Voir Dit, as well as among balades set to music, and were obviously quite popular.
179. fol. 57a	Balade Inc: Ne quier veoir la beaute dabsalon Refr: Je voy assez puis que je voy ma dame Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg, Ch, DeB, PR Eds: 3, 7, 12, 14, 16, 17, 21, 23
See note to poem 178. Froissart’s Balade VI imitates this poem, having a similar incipit and identical refrain. The list of nonpareils, cited for beauty, strength, wisdom, etc., bears comparison with the list of Chaucer’s Book of the Duchess, lines 1056–72.
180. fol. 57b 181. fol. 57b	Balade Inc: Flour de beaute de tresdoulce oudour plaine Refr: Je nen puis mais se je men desconforte Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Se vous nestes pour mon guerredon nee Refr: Dame mar vy vo doulz regart riant Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, PM, Vg, Ca, Fl, Mo, Pg Eds: 2, 3, 5, 7, 16
Appears among rondeaux set to music in manuscripts.
182. fol. 57c	Lay Inc: Sonques doloureusement Expl: Explicit un lay (other MSS: “Le Lay de comfort”) Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 272 lines; with twenty-four sts. in matched pairs of differing metrics MSS: A, B, E, G, J, K, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Chaucer uses lines 10–13 of this lay in Book of the Duchess, lines 693–96. The lay is set to music in some manuscripts.
183. fol. 59c 184. fol. 59c	Balade Inc: Mercy ou mort ay long temps desire Refr: Si prie amours que mort ou amez soye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: PR Ed: 5, 9, 21 Balade Inc: He doulz regart pourquoy plantas lamour Refr: Maudit de dieu soit qui en toy se fie Auth: Ascribed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: DeB Eds: 5, 14
The poem is probably not by Deschamps.
185. fol. 59d	Virelay baladé Inc: Combien qua moy lointeine Refr: Soyes dame donnour, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 40 lines; ABABabababab, etc.; six-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 1, 3, 7, 16
The adjective “baladé” in the virelay rubrics indicates that the poem is set to music (though it is not in Penn, of course, which has only the words of the poems).
186. fol. 60a	Virelay baladé Inc: Puis que ma doulour agree Refr: A la debonnaire nee, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 66 lines; AAABAAABbbabbaaaabaaab, etc.; five- and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
187. fol. 60c 188. fol. 60d	Balade Inc: Par un gracieux samblant Refr: Dame que vous mavez fait Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; seven-syllable lines Eds: 1, 9 Balade Inc: Jugiez amans et ouez ma dolour Refr: Elle me het et est mon anemie Auth: Attributed to both Guillaume de Machaut and Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics MSS: J, DeB Eds: 1, 3, 5, 14
Probably by neither Machaut nor Deschamps.
189. fol. 61a	Balade Inc: Se lancelot paris genievre he!aine Refr: Doulce dame pour vostre amour avoir Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabics except fifth lines have seven syllables MS: We Ed: 9
This is an effective poem in which the lover says that he is burning up with thirst beside the fountain, which is too high for him. The incipit is like the Double balade of Grimace which follows in Penn. A balade in MS Ch, edited in 5, has a similar incipit.
190. fol. 6lb	Balade Inc: Se zephirus phebus et leur lignie Refr: Se devant moy ma dame ne veoye Auth: Grimace Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: Ch, PI Eds: 1, 9
This and the following balade have the same metrical form, refrain, and music (Double balade).
191. fol. 61b	Balade Inc: Se jupiter qui par grant melodie Refr: Se devant moy ma dame ne veoye Auth: Grimace Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: Ch, PI Eds: 1, 9
See note to Poem 190.
192. fol. 61c	Virelay baladé Inc: Se mesdisans en accort Refr: Sont pour moy grever a tort, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 54 lines; AABBBAccbccbaabbba, etc.; five-, six-, and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 18
Appears in manuscripts among virelays set to music.
193. fol. 62a	Virelay baladé Inc: Cest force faire le vueil Refr: Tuit mi desir, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 54 lines; ABBABAbbcbbcabbaba, etc.; seven- and four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among virelays set to music.
194. fol. 62b 195. fol. 62c 196. fol. 62c	Rondel Inc: Dame doulcement attrait Refr: Avez tout le cuer de mi Metr: ABaAabAB; seven-syllable lines Rondel Inc: Douls amis de cuer parfait Refr: Ligement a vous mottry Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; seven-syllable lines Le Lay de plour Inc: Malgre fortune et son tour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 272 lines in lay form; 24 sts. in pairs, each pair with differing metrics MSS: A, G, M Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts with music.
197. fol. 64c 198. fol. 64d	Rondel Inc: Doulz cuers gentilz plain de toute franchise Refr: A vous amer me sui abandonnez Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics Virelay baladé Inc: Cent mil fois esbaye Refr: Plus dolente et plus courroucie, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABccdccdaabbaab, etc MSS: A, E, F, PM Ed: 12
Appears in Voir Dit. Between Poem 198 and Poem 227 in Penn fourteen lyrics are from the Voir Dit, a late, long pseudo-autobiographical poem.
199. fol. 65a	Rondel Inc: Tant com je seray vivant Refr: Vous seray loyal amie Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; seven-syllable lines MSS: A, E, F, PM Ed: 12
Appears in Voir Dit.
200. fol. 65a	Balade Inc: Se par fortune la lasse et la desvee Refr: Car cuer donnez ne se doit retolir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, E, F, PM Eds: 7, 12, 16
Appears in Voir Dit.
201. fol. 65b	Virelay baladé Inc: Dame vostre doulz viaire Refr: Debonnaire, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 60 lines; AABAABbbabbaaabaab, etc.; seven- and four- syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 1, 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
202. fol. 65c	Rondel Inc: Soyes liez et menez joye Refr: Amis car amours men proye Auth: Nicole de Margival Metr: 16 lines AABBaaAAaabbAABB; octosyllabics MSS: Pg, Str; Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 22432; St. Petersburg,         Hermitage, 53 Eds: 5, 19
This appears as lines 2515–26 of Le Dit de la Panthère d’Amours, by Nicole de Margival, which has some significant correspondence in structure to Chaucer’s House of Fame. See above.
203. fol. 65d	Balade Inc: Ne soyes en nul esmay Refr: Vostre jusques au mourir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; octosyllabics MSS: A, E, F, PM Eds: 12, 18
Appears in Voir Dit.
204. fol. 66a	Virelay baladé Inc: Onques si bonne journee Refr: Ne fu adjournee, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 60 lines; AABAABbbabbaaabaab, etc.; five- and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, E, F, PM Ed: 12
Appears in Voir Dit.
205. fol. 66b 206. fol. 66c	Rondel Inc: Esperance qui en mon cuer sembat Refr: Sentir me fait damer la doulce vie Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics Virelay baladé Inc: Helas et comment aroye Refr: Bien ne joye, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 60 lines; AABAABccbccbaabaab, etc.; three- and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
207. fol. 66d	Rondel Inc: Autre de vous jamais ne quier amer Refr: Tresdoulz amis a qui jay donne mamour Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics MSS: A, E, F, PM Eds: 12, 18
Appears in Voir Dit.
208. fol. 66d	Balade Inc: Le plus grant bien qui me viengne damer Refr: Quassez rouve qui se va complaignant Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababccdD; decasyllabic except fifth lines have seven syllables MSS: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, J, M, PM, Vg
Appears in manuscripts in Louange and Voir Dit.
209. fol. 67a	Rondel Inc: Tresdouls amis quant je vous voy Refr: Tout faites mon cuer resjoir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; octosyllabics MSS: A, E, F, PM Eds: 14, 18
Appears in Voir Dit.
210. fol. 67b	Virelay baladé Inc: Dieux beaute doulceur nature Refr: Mirent bien tout leur faiture, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 74 lines; AAABAAABbbcbbcaaabaaab, etc.; seven- and five-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Ed: 3, 7, 16
Appears in manuscripts among virelays set to music.
211. fol. 67c	Balade Inc: Le bien de vous qui en beaute florist Refr: Et voz regars maintient mon cuer en joye Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, J, M, Vg Eds: 3, 8, 14, 22
Appears in Louange and Voir Dit.
212. fol. 67d	Virelay baladé Inc: Se damer me repentoye ne faignoye Refr: Trop feroye contre mi, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 48 lines; AABAABbabaaabaab, etc.; three- and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 18
Appears in manuscripts among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
213. fol. 68a	Virelay baladé Inc: En mon cuer a un descort Refr: Qui si fort le point et mort, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.; four- and seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
214. fol. 68c 215. fol. 68c	Rondel Inc: Ma dame doulce et debonnaire Refr: Flour de valour, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; eight- and four-syllable lines Virelay baladé Inc: Mors sui se je ne vous voy Refr: Dame donnour, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; ABBBAABaabaababbbaab, etc MSS: A, B, C, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16
Appears among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
216. fol. 68*a	Rondel Inc: Amis doulz amer sans retraire Refr: Et sans foulour, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; eight- and four-syllable lines
Two folios in succession in Penn are numbered 68.
217. fol. 68*a	Virelay baladé Inc: Plus dure que un dyamant Refr: Ne que pierre dyamant Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc MSS: A, B, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 16, 23
Appears among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
218. fol. 68*c 219. fol. 68*c	Rondel Inc: Doulce pite que or tesveille Refr: Ou cuer de la tendre flour, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; seven-syllable lines Virelay baladé Inc: Dame mon cuer emportez Refr: Dont tant sui desconfortez, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.; seven- and four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, E, G, M, Vg Eds: 3, 7. 16
Appears among Machaut’s virelays set to music.
220. fol. 69a	Virelay baladé Inc: Tres belle et bonne mi oeil Refr: Joyeuse pasteure, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 60 lines; ABBAABbbabbaabbaab, etc.; seven- and five-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, M Eds: 3, 7, 16, 22
Appears among Machaut’s virelays set to music and in Louange.
221. fol. 69c 222. fol. 69d	Virelay baladé Inc: Doulce plaisant et debonnaire Refr: Onques ne vy vo doulz viaire, etc. Metr: 53 lines; AABBAccaccaaabba, etc.; octosyllabics Virelay baladé Inc: Cilz a bien fole pensee Refr: Qui me cuide a ce mener, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 46 lines; ABABccdccdabab, etc.; seven-syllable lines MSS: A, B, C, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 12, 18
Appears in Voir Dit and among Machaut’s virelays set to music, but no music is extant.
223. fol. 70b	[Balade] Inc: Nes quon pourroit les estoilles nombrer Refr: Le grant desir que jay de vous veoir Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, D, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 7, 8, 12, 16, 22
Appears in Louange, Voir Dit, and among balades set to music.
224. fol. 70b 225. fol. 70c	Rondel Inc: Toute belle bonne cointe et jolie Refr: Bieneureux seroit ce mest advis Metr: 11 lines; ABBaAabbABB; decasyllabics Virelay baladé Inc: Loeil qui est le droit archier Refr: Plus doulce que nest doulcour, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.; seven- and four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 12
Appears in Voir Dit and among Machaut’s virelays set to music, but no music is extant.
226. 70d	Virelay baladé Inc: Plus belle que le beau jour Refr: Plus doulce que nest doulcour, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.; seven- and four-syllable lines MSS: A, B, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 12
Appears in Voir Dit and among Machaut’s virelays set to music, but no music is extant.
227. fol. 71b	Virelay baladé Inc: Je ne me puis saouler Refr: De penser dymaginer, etc. Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 67 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc MSS: A, B, E, F, G, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 12
Appears in Voir Dit and among Machaut’s virelays set to music, but no music is extant.
228. fol. 71c 229. fol. 71d	Balade Inc: Je vous mercy des belles la plus belle Refr: Ma belle dame et ma loyal amie Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: De la douleur que mon triste cuer sent Refr: Celle qui est des plus belle la flour Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; envoy, abbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
Before this balade, the only balade in Penn which has an envoy is Poem 20. After Poems 229 and 230, there are no other balades with envoys until Poem 267. Envoys came to be added to balades commonly in the last quarter of the fourteenth century.
230. fol. 72a 231. fol. 72b 232. fol. 72c 233. fol. 72d 234. fol. 73a 235. fol. 74c	Balade Inc: Vray dieu damours plaise toy secourir Refr: Se ainsi est que jaye perdu la belle Metr: 3 sts. ababbacaC; envoy, acacaC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Povre perdue dolente et esgaree Refr: Comme la plus maleureuse du monde Metr: 3 sts. ababcdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Gente belle corps fait par compasseure Refr: Se ne mestes de remede prochaine Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Puis quainsi est que ne puis nullement Refr: Que vostre amour sans cesser me fait traire Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Lay Inc: Au commencier du mois de may Metr: 218 lines in lay form of twenty-four stanzas in matched pairs of differing metrics.          Some stanzas seem defective. Chanson royal / Ch Inc: Entre les biens que creature humainne Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdede; envoy, de; decasyllabics Ed: 24 (see above)
This is the first of the “Ch” poems. The last is Poem 276.
236. fol. 75a	Balade Inc: Mort je me plain de qui de toy Refr: Car tout prendray soit feble ou fort Auth: Attributed to Eustache Deschamps Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; octosyllabics MS: DeB Ed: 14
This interesting balade is a dialogue between Death and the lover whose lady Death has taken. Most lines include a statement or question with response. It is probably by Deschamps.
237. fol. 75a 238. fol. 75b	Balade / Ch Inc: Oncques doulour ne fu plus angoisseuse Refr: Que fons et fris comme au feu fait la cire Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade Inc: Samours plaisoit ses tresors defermer Refr: Quant ma dame me donna nom damy Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 (Part I Appendix above)
This balade has the same refrain as the “Ch” poem which follows. The versification differs.
239. fol. 75c 240. fol. 75d 241. fol. 76a	Balade / Ch Inc: Je cuide et croy que tous les joieux jours Refr: Quant ma dame me donna nom dami Metr: ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Chançon Royal / Ch Inc: Aux dames joie et aux amans plaisance Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdd; envoy d; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade / Ch Inc: Fauls apyus pires que lichaon Refr: Jone mamas et vieille mas guerpie Metr. 3 sts. ababbccddedE; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24
The refrain and content of Poem 35 is quite like the refrain and content of this balade.
242. fol. 76b 243. fol. 76c	Balade / Ch Inc: Nous qui sommes trois filles a phebus Refr: Viel Saturnus et sa dure lignie Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Complainte amoureuse Inc: Ma doulce amour ma dame souverainne Metr: 120 lines aaaabbbbbc, etc.; decasyllabics except fifth lines four syllables
This complaint has numerous similarities to Machaut's Complaint VI (Penn Poem 112), written by Machaut for Pierre of Cyprus. Coming as it does amidst the "Ch" poems, it is perhaps a work of "Ch."
244. fol. 77c 245. fol. 77d 246. fol. 77d	Balade / Ch Inc: Plus a destroit et en plus forte tour Refr: Ne me fait brief en pluie dor muer Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade / Ch Inc: Humble hester courtoise gracieuse Refr: Pourrist en terre et je remains sans dame Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade Inc: Des yeulx du cuer plorant moult tendrement Refr: Du lit de plours doulereux ou je gis Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This lover's complaint is answered by the lady who speaks in the following balade.
247. fol. 78a	Balade Inc: Se tu seuffres pour moy painne et martire Refr: En ce doulx mois que chascuns se jolie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
See note to Poem 246.
248. fol. 78b 249. fol. 78c 250. fol. 78d	Balade Inc: Maintes gens sont qui dune grant valee Refr: Mais quant lui plaist jus labat en peu deure Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Chançon Royal / Ch Inc: Pour le hauls biens amoureux anoncier Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcd; envoy, cd; decasyllabics Ed: 24 Balade Inc: Cuidiez vous je vous en pry Refr: Adieu adieu le varlet Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; seven-syllable lines
The lady scornfully sends the jangling "varlet" away.
251. fol. 79a	Balade Inc: Or ne scay je tant de service faire Refr: Plus mescondit plus la vueil tenir chiere Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13
From Poems 252 to 264, there are at least eight poems of Granson mixed in with some "Ch" and anonymous works. The Granson poems appear elsewhere only in GrA.
252. fol. 79b 253. fol. 79c 254. fol. 79d 255. fol. 79d	Balade Inc: A medee me puis bien comparer Refr: Ainsi le fit cuer plain de faussete Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Or nay je mais que dolour et tristesce Refr: Se je men dueil nul ne men doit blasmer Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Vous qui voulez loppinion contraire Refr: Desloiaute en lamoureuse vie Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: He dieux amis qui vous meut a ce faire Refr: Ce nest pas fait de loial amoureux Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
In its position among Granson poems and its use of versification favored by Granson, one may well suspect that this balade is his.
256. fol. 80a 257. fol. 80b	Balade Inc: Se mon cuer font en larmes et en plours Refr: Pour mercy garder de ma dame le fort Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Dames de pris qui amez vostre honnour Refr: Ilz ne tendent le plus qua decevoir Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics
As with Poem 255, and for the same reasons, one might attribute this poem to Granson.
258. fol. 80c 259. fol. 80d	Balade Inc: Qui veult entrer en lamoureux servage Refr: Ainsi puet il don damours desservir Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbcB; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Cest bonne foy de deux cuers amoureux Refr: Dangier ny puet ne aussi jalousie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
As with Poems 255 and 257, there are good reasons for ascribing this balade to Granson.
260. fol. 80d	Rondel / Ch Inc: Qui veult faire sacrefice a venus Refr: Ou temple dont elle est droite deesse Metr: 8 lines; ABaAabAB; decasyllabics Ed: 24
This is the only rondeau of "Ch" and the only rondeau in Penn between Poems 224 and 277.
261. fol. 81a 262. fol. 81a 263. fol. 81b	Balade Inc: Ne doy je bien malebouche hair Refr: Sa ma cause perdoit sa bonne fame Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: Qui en amours quiert avoir son desir Refr: Qui ce ne scet amours le fait savoir Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Chançon Royal / Ch Inc: Venez veoir qua fait pymalion Metr: 5 sts. ababccddede; envoy, dede; decasyllabics Ed: 24
As I have noted, this poem is inferior to the other "Ch" works.
264. fol. 81d 265. fol. 81d 266. fol. 82a 267. fol. 83a	Balade Inc: Amis pensez de loyaument amer Refr: Vous nen povez tousdiz que miex valour Auth: Oton de Granson Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics MS: GrA Ed: 13 Balade Inc: A ce printemps que je sens revenir Refr: Pour les faire trestous crever denvie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Complainte amoureuse Inc: Doulx ami que jaim loyalment Metr: 124 lines; aaabaaabbbbcbbbccccd, etc.; octosyllabic except fourth lines have         four syllables Balade Inc: A dieu a dieu jeunesse noble flour Refr: Car on ne puet passer par autre voie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; envoy, bcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This is only the fourth balade in Penn with an envoy. The next is Poem 279.
268. fol. 83b 269. fol. 83b 270. fol. 83c	Balade Inc: Voir ne vous puis helas ce poise moy Refr: On y verroit lemprainte de mes yeulx Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Pluseur se sont repenti Refr: Et qui ne se veult brusler         Si se traie en sux Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7b5a7b5b7c7d5c7D5 MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, H, J, K, M, Vg Eds: 3, 22 Balade Inc: Langue poignant aspre amere et ague Refr: Je le feray mourir de dueil ou taire Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics MSS: A, B, C, D, E, G, J, M, Vg, We Eds: 3, 22
In the Book of the Duchess, lines 639–41, and The Merchant's Tale, CT IV(E)2058–62, Chaucer ascribes to Fortune the description which this balade uses to attack slanderers.
271. fol. 83d	Balade Inc: Amis si parfaitement Refr: E sil est autre qui bee         A mamour il y fauldra Auth: Guillaume de Machaut Metr: 3 sts. a7b5a7b5c7d7c7d7 MSS: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, J, M, PM, Vg Eds: 3, 12, 18, 22
Appears in both Louange and Voir Dit.
272. fol. 84a	Virelay Inc: Le doulx songe que lautre nuit songoie Refr: Cestoit veir ma doulce dame chiere, etc. Metr: 53 lines; ABBAAcddcddabbaa, etc.; decasyllabics
The lines are unusually long for the virelay form.
273. fol. 84b 274. fol. 84c 275. fol. 84d 276. fol. 85a 277. fol. 85b	Balade / Ch Inc: Mort le vy dire et si ny avoit ame Refr: A son ame soit dieu misericors Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade / Ch Inc: Oez le plains du martir amoureux Refr: Il vit sans joye et languist en mourant Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade / Ch Inc: De ce que jay de ma douleur confort Refr: Grace a ma dame et loenge a amours Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Balade / Ch Inc: Qui partiroit mon cuer en .ij. parmi Refr: Sourse donnour et riviere de joie Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Eds: 9, 24 Rondel Inc: Mon tresdoulx cuer et ma seule pensee Refr: A mon povoir tousjours vous serviray Metr: 16 lines; ABBAabABabbaABBA; decasyllabics
From Poem 277 to the end of Penn (Poem 310), there are no poems of known authorship, nor any clues (like "Ch" may be). From Poem 272 to the end, the texts in Penn are unique, i.e., are found in no other extant manuscripts.
278. fol. 85b 279. fol. 85c	Virelay Inc: Vous ne savez le martire Refr: Que mon povre cuer si tire, etc. Metr: 37 lines; AABBAccbccbaabba, etc.; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Pourquoy virent onques mes yeulx Refr: Puis quil lui plaist il me souffist Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, bccdcD; decasyllabics
Seven of the seventeen balades from Poem 279 to the end have envoys. Only four before Poem 279 have them.
282. fol. 86b 283. fol. 86c	Rondel Inc: Mes yeulx mon cuer et ma pensee Refr: Par leur pourchas mont mis a mort, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAabABabbaABBA; octosyllabics Chançon Royal Inc: Mere je sui assez povre de sens Metr: 7 sts. ababbccddee; envoy, ddee; decasyllabics
This extended chant royal is a dialogue between a mother and daughter about love; each speaks a stanza at a time.
284. fol. 87a 285. fol. 87b	Rondel Inc: Se vo doulx cuer ne mue sa pensee Refr: Et que par lui grace me soie donnee, etc. Metr: 21 lines; AABBAaabAABaabbaAABBA; decasyllabics Virelay Inc: Bien doy chanter liement Refr: Et plus amoureusement, etc. Metr: 27 lines; AABBAABbbabbaaabbaab, etc.
The form is either defective or represents a late experiment.
286. fol. 87c 287. fol. 87c 288. fol. 87d	Balade Inc: Tout droit au temps que doivent les doulcours Refr: Lomme qui pert a poinne se puet taire Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Par ma foy je nen puis mais Refr: Se suis en dolente painne, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAabABabbaABBA; seven-syllable lines Balade Inc: Puis que je voy que ma belle maistresse Refr: Que par nulle autre joye me fust donnee Metr: 3 sts. ababbccddeefeF; envoy, ababbccfcF; decasyllabics Ed: 9
The stanza is unusually long.
289. fol. 88a 290. fol. 88b 291. fol. 88c 292. fol. 88d 293. fol. 88d 294. fol. 89a 295. fol. 89b 296. fol. 89b 297. fol. 89c 298. fol. 89d 299. fol. 90a 300. fol. 90a 301. fol. 90b 302. fol. 90c 303. fol. 90d 304. fol. 91a 305. fol. 91b	Rondel Inc: Quant je ne puis vers vous mercy trouver Refr: De la doulour qui par vous mest donnee, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Mon seul vouloir mon seul bien ma maistresse Refr: Que dautre amer aye jamais vouloir Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdeD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Certes belle se je devoye Refr: Tousjours languir sans grace avoir, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; octosyllabics Balade Inc: Jamais nul jour ne pourroye desservir Refr: Tout vostre sui quelque part que je soye Metr: 3 sts. ababbcaC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Vo grant beaute qui mon cuer tient joyeux Refr: Ma vraie amour et quanque je desire, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Puis quamours mont donne tel hardement Refr: Qui sur toutes en avez le povoir Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Je ris des yeulx et mon povre cuer pleure Refr: Et si ny puis avoir aucun secours, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Se je navoye plus de biens Refr: Il pourroit bien avenir mais Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; envoy, bcbC; octosyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Tant my fait mal le partir de ma dame Refr: Que je nay jeu bien nesbatement, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAabABabbaABBA; decasyllabics [Balade] Inc: A vous le dy courroux dueil et tristresce Refr: Helas amours je ne le cuidoye mie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; envoy, bbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Plus quautre belle se je sui loing de vous Refr: Et que veir ne vous puisse a mon gre, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAabABabbaABBA; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Ce seroit fort que je peusse avoyr joye Refr: Car pour plus belle jamais homs ne mourra Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Oyez mes plains tous loyaulx amoureux Refr: Mamour est morte et ma joye si fine Metr: 3 sts. ababbcbC (first st. defective); decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Belle qui de toutes bontez Refr: Mais quil vous plaise a moy amer Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Des que premiers vo beaute regarday Refr: Faites de moy tout ce quil vous plaira Metr: 3 sts. ababccdcD; envoy, cdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Rondel Inc: Tant quil vous plaira Refr: Ma belle maistresse, etc. Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; five-syllable lines Balade [for Pastourelle] Inc: A leure que bergiers leur pain Refr: A faire de roses chappeaulx Metr: 5 sts. ababbccdcD; envoy, cdcD; octosyllabics
This is the only pastourelle after the twelve which come at the beginning of Penn.
306. fol. 91c 307. fol. 91d 308. fol. 92a 309. fol. 92b 310. fol. 92c	Rondel Inc: Ma belle amour ma joyeuse esperance Refr: Tout quanque jaim et que je vueil servir Metr: 16 lines; ABBAbaABabbaABBA; decasyllabics Balade Inc: Entre mon cuer et mes yeulx grant descort Refr: Faire mon cuer a mes yeulx accorder Metr: 3 sts. ababbccdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Tu as tant fait par ta tresbonne attente Refr: Quant a cela certes je my oppose Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: En mon dormant mavint la nuit passee Refr: Se je savoye quainsi deusse songier Metr: 3 sts. ababbcdcD; envoy, dcdcD; decasyllabics Ed: 9 Balade Inc: Aucunes gens dient quen bien amer Refr: Que vrays amans ne puet sans jalousie Metr: 3 sts. ababbcC; decasyllabics Ed: 9
This poem turns about a major commonplace of Amour (Love), which holds that true lovers cannot avoid jealousy, and it provides a reasonably apt conclusion for the collection. Eight folios were left blank after it, however, which suggests that more poems could have been envisaged.

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Footnotes

THE CONTENTS OF PENN: FOOTNOTES

1 The only rivals in interest to Penn among anthologies of fourteenth-century French lyric texts are Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS naf. 6221, Westminster Abbey 21, and the two collections which contain Les Cents Ballades and lyrics of Granson: Bibliothèque nationale de France, MS fr. 2201, and Neuchâtel, Bibl. Arthur Piaget VIII. MS 6221 is discussed above. The Westminster Abbey manuscript is a good collection but contains only fifty-six pieces.

2 For Bertoni’s inventory, see No. 2, pp. 6–14, in the Key to Abbreviations for Editions.

3 For Mudge’s list, see No. 9, pp. 244–344, in the Key to Abbreviations for Editions.

4 Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” pp. 2–3.

5 See Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” pp. 247–48.

6 Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” p. 150.

7 Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” p.152.

8 Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” p. 264.

9 Mudge, “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” p. 176.